Which stage of wastewater treatment commonly utilizes advanced processes like electrocoagulation?

Tertiary treatment is the stage of wastewater treatment that commonly utilizes advanced processes such as electrocoagulation. This stage aims to further improve the quality of effluent after primary and secondary treatments have been completed. While primary treatment focuses on the removal of large solids and secondary treatment involves biological processes to reduce organic matter and nutrients, tertiary treatment is designed to remove remaining contaminants and provide high-quality water that can often be reused or discharged safely into the environment.

Electrocoagulation is an advanced treatment method that helps in the removal of suspended solids, emulsified oils, and certain dissolved contaminants by using electrical current to aggregate and remove particles from the water. This process enhances the overall effectiveness of the treatment system, particularly in producing water that meets stringent discharge standards or can be reused.