Which of the following is a major concern related to CSOs?

The discharge of untreated sewage into water bodies is a significant concern associated with combined sewer overflows (CSOs). During heavy rainfall or snowmelt events, the volume of water entering the combined sewer system can exceed its capacity, leading to the discharge of a mixture of stormwater and untreated sewage directly into nearby rivers, lakes, or coastal waters. This poses serious environmental risks, including contamination of water bodies, harm to aquatic life, and public health hazards due to waterborne pathogens and pollutants.

CSOs can critically impact water quality, leading to violations of regulations and potentially long-term ecological damage. Addressing CSOs is essential for protecting water resources and maintaining community health, emphasizing the importance of managing stormwater and improving infrastructure to prevent such discharges.