What happens if a pump operates with a closed discharge valve?

When a pump operates with a closed discharge valve, it is unable to release the fluid it is intended to move. This situation creates a condition known as "deadhead," where the pump continues to increase the pressure of the fluid trapped inside while trying to push it through the discharge line.

As this pressure builds up, the pump motor can become overloaded because it is working harder than designed without the ability to discharge the fluid. This can lead to overheating and mechanical failure, significantly increasing the risk of damage to the pump itself. In many cases, this situation may also cause the pump's mechanical seals to fail, leading to leaks or catastrophic pump failure.

The other choices imply positive or optimized outcomes, which do not hold true in a deadhead scenario. Thus, understanding the consequences of operating with a closed discharge valve is crucial for maintaining equipment integrity and ensuring safe and efficient pump operation.