How does nutrient removal benefit sewage treatment processes?

Nutrient removal is crucial in sewage treatment processes primarily because it addresses the issue of eutrophication in receiving waters. Eutrophication occurs when excess nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, enter water bodies, often resulting from sewage discharges. These nutrients can lead to rapid algal blooms, which deplete oxygen levels in the water as the algae die and decompose. This process can severely impact aquatic life, leading to dead zones where fish and other organisms cannot survive.

By focusing on nutrient removal during sewage treatment, the process actively helps to minimize the influx of these harmful substances into rivers, lakes, and oceans. This not only protects aquatic ecosystems but also ensures better water quality for recreational activities and drinking water sources. Therefore, efficient nutrient removal is a critical component of wastewater management aimed at safeguarding environmental health and sustainability.